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page 1 page 1 ? ???? RFM67W tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com RFM67W ism transmitter module v1.2 features general description the RFM67W is a transmitter module which can operate in the 315, 433, 868 and 915 mhz licence free ism bands. the transmitter module has two modes of operation, a conventional mcu controlled mode and a ?stand-alone? mode which enables the RFM67W to download configuration and messages from an e 2 prom in response to a user input. stand-alone mode makes the RFM67W ideal for miniaturized or low cost remote keyless entry (rke) applications. it also offers the unique advantage of narrow- band and wide-band communication in a range of modulation formats. the RFM67W offers high rf output power and channelized operation suited for the european (etsi en 300-220-1), north american (fcc part 15.231, 15.247 and 15.249) and japanese (arib t-67) regulatory standards. applications z remote keyless entry (rke) z remote control / security systems z voice and data rf communication links z process and building / home control z active rfid z amr / ami platforms key product features z +17 dbm to -18 dbm programmable output power. z bit rates up to 600 kbits / sec. z fsk, gfsk, msk, gmsk and ook modulation. z stand-alone mode: no need for a host mcu. z consistent rf performance over a 1.8 to 3.7 v range. z low phase noise (-95 dbc/hz at 50 khz) with automated pll calibration and fully integrated vco and loop filter. z on chip rc timer for timer /wake-up applications. z low battery detection. z module size:19.7x16mm z low cost ?? RFM67W note: in order to better use RFM67W modules, this specification also involves a large number of the parameters and functions of its core chip rf67's,including those ic pins which are not leaded out. all of these can help customers gain a better understanding of the performance of RFM67W modules, and enhance the application skills. free datasheet http:///
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RFM67W tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com advanced communications & sensing datasheet table of contents section page 1. general description ............................................................................................................................... .................. 4 1.1. simplified block diagram ............................................................................................................................... .. 4 1.2. pin diagram ....................................................................................................................... .............................. 5 1.3. pin description........................................................................................................... ...................................6 2. electrical characteristics ............................................................................................................................... .......... 7 2.1. esd notice ............................................................................................................................... ....................... 7 2.2. absolute maximum ratings ............................................................................................................................. 7 2.3. operating range.......................................................................................................................... .................... 7 2.4. electrical specifications................................................................................................. ................................8 3. timing characteristics ............................................................................................................... .............................. 9 4. working modes of the RFM67W .............................................................................................................................. 10 4.1. operating modes ............................................................................................................................... ............ 10 4.2. application modes.......................................................................................................................... ................ 10 4.2.1. stand alone mode ............................................................................................................................... ... 10 4.2.2. mcu mode ............................................................................................................................... ............... 11 5. operation of the RFM67W ........................................................................................................................ ............... 12 5.1. main parameters..................................................................................................................... ....................... 12 5.1.1. center frequency ..................................................................................................................... .............. 12 5.1.2. frequency deviation ............................................................................................................................... 12 5.1.3. bit rate ............................................................................................................................... .................... 12 5.2. synthesizer ................................................................................................................... ................................. 13 5.3. the power amplifier...................................................................................................................... ................. 14 6. digital control and interface ..................................................................................................................... ............. 15 6.1. stand alone mode ............................................................................................................................... .......... 15 6.1.1. state machine description ...................................................................................................................... 15 6.1.2. memory organization of the e2prom ................................................................................................... 15 6.1.3. periodic mode ............................................................................................................................... .......... 17 6.1.4. low battery indicator: stand alone mode............................................................................................... 18 6.1.5. low battery indicator: mcu mode .......................................................................................................... 18 6.2. mcu mode ............................................................................................................................... ...................... 18 6.2.1. spi operation ............................................................................................................................... .......... 18 6.2.2. data and data clock usage....... ................................ ............................. ........................... ...................20 6.3. RFM67W register description............................................................................................... .....................21 7. RFM67W application circuits ............................................................................................................................... .... 26 7.1. typical application schematic ........................................................................................................................... 26 free datasheet http:///
page 3 ? RFM67W tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com table of contents section page 7.2. wake-up times ............................................................................................................................... ............... 27 7.3. reset pin timing......................................................................................................................... ................... 27 8. reference design performance ............................................................................................................................ 29 8.1. power output versus consumption ............................................................................................................... 29 8.2. power output flatness versus temperature and supp ly voltage............... .......................... ............. ......... .30 8.3. phase noise.......................................................................................................................... ......................... 31 8.4. RFM67W baseband filtering............ .............................. .............................. ......................... ......................33 8.5. adjacent channel power ............................................................................................................................... 33 9. packaging information ............................................................................................................................... ............ 36 10. ordering information ............................................................................................................................... ............... 37 free datasheet http:///
page 4 tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com rfm 67w advanced communications & sensing datasheet this product datasheet contains a detailed description of the RFM67W performance and functionality. 1. general description the RFM67W is a transmitte module capable of (g)fsk, (g )msk, and ook modulation of an input data stream. it can transmit this modulated signal in the 315, 433, 868 and 915 mhz licence free ism bands. 1.1. simplified block diagram vbat vr_dig vr_ana reset test vr_pa power distribution e2_mode rfout pa1 div 2/4/6 rc oscillator gnd ramp and control interpolation and filtering modulator data dclk pll_lock pa2 fractional-n pll calibration nss r xtal switch i/p registers and spi interface miso mosi sck clkout xta xtb pb(3:0) figure 1. RFM67W simplified block diagram the general architecture of the RFM67W is shown in figure 1. the frequency synthesizer generating the lo frequency is a third-order fractional-n sigma-delta pll. the pll is capa ble of fast auto-calibration and offers fast switching and settling times. for frequency modulation ((g)fsk and (g)msk ), the modulation is performed within the pll bandwidth. optional pre-filtering of the bit stream may also be ena bled to reduce the power delivered to adjacent channels. amplitude modulation (ook), is performed via a dac driving the reference of the regulator of the pa. note that pre-filtering of the bit stream is also available in this mode. the vco work s at 2, 4 or 6 times the rf output frequency to improve the quadrature precision and reduce pulling effects during transmission. the pa of the RFM67W is comprised of two amplifiers - one high power, one low power. this enables the RFM67W to deliver a wide range, over 30 db, of output powers - up to +13 dbm in single pa configuration. however, with an appropriate output impedance transformation, in dual pa mode, this can be increased to +17 dbm. advanced communications & sensing datasheet free datasheet http:///
page 5 tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com rfm 67w the RFM67W also includes two timing references; an rc oscill ator, for sleep mode operation of the spi interface (in mcu mode), and a 32 mhz crystal oscillator, which serves as the low-noise frequency reference of the pll. the references and supply voltages are provided by the power distribution system which includes several regulators allowing true battery powered operation. 1.2. pin diagram (top) free datasheet http:///
page 6 tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com rfm 67w 1.3. pin description table 1 description of the RFM67W pinouts ? number ? ? name ? ? type ? ? description ? s 1 mosi ? i/o ? spi data input/output ? 2 nss ? i/o ? spi chip select input/output ? 3 clkout ? o ? reference clock output ? 4 pll_lock ? o ? pll lock detection, active high/low ? 5 dclk ? o ? output data clock ? 6 data ? i ? modulation input data ? 7 sck ? i ? spi clock input ? 8 miso ? i/o ? spi data output/input ? 9 gnd ? - ? rf ground ? 10 ana ? i/o ? rf signal output/input. ? 11 gnd ? - ? rf ground ? 12 gnd ? - ? rf ground ? 13 3.3v ? ? main supply voltage from battery ? 14 ? gnd ? - ? rf ground ? 15 ? reset ? i/o ? reset, active high ? 16 ? pb(0) ? i ? low battery indicator output push -button input 0, active high ? push-button input 0, active high ? free datasheet http:///
page 7 tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com rfm 67w 2. electrical characteristics 2.1. esd notice the RFM67W is an electrostatic discha rge sensitive device. it satisfies: z class 2 of the jedec standard jesd22-a114-b (human body model) on all other pins. 2.2. absolute maximum ratings stresses above the values listed below may cause permanent device failure. exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability. table 2 absolute maximum ratings symbol description min max unit vddmr supply voltage -0.5 3.9 v tmr temperature -55 115 c 2.3. operating range operating ranges define the limits for functional operation and the parametric characteristics of the device as described in this section. functionality outside these limits is not implied. table 3 operating range symbol description min max unit vddop supply voltage 1.8 3.7 v to p operational temperature range -40 85 c clop load capacitance on digital ports - 25 pf free datasheet http:///
page 8 tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com rfm 67w 2.4. electrical specifications the table below gives the electrical specifications of the tran smitter under the following conditions: supply voltage = 3.3 v, temperature = 25 c, f rf = 915 mhz, 2-level fsk modulation without prefiltering, d f = 5 khz, bit rate = 4.8 kbit/s and output power = 13 dbm terminated in a matched 50 ohm impedance, unless otherwise specified. table 4 transmitter specifications symbol description conditions min typ max unit current consumption iddsl supply current in sleep mode - 0.5 1 a iddst supply current in standby mode crystal oscillator enabled - 0.9 1.2 ma iddfs supply current in synthesiser mode - 8 - ma iddt supply current in transmit mode with appropriate external match- ing (see section 7). rf power o/p = 17 dbm rf power o/p = 13 dbm rf power o/p = 10 dbm rf power o/p = 0 dbm - - - - 95 45 33 20 - - 40 25 ma ma ma ma rf and baseband specifications brf bit rate, fsk programmable. 1.2 - 600 kbps bro bit rate, ook programmable. 1.2 - 32 kbps fda frequency deviation, fsk programmable 0.6 - 300 khz rfop rf output power in 50 ohms programmable with 1 db steps. max min 10 -21 13 -18 - - dbm dbm phn transmitter phase noise 50 khz offset from carrier - -95 - dbc/ hz rfoph max rf output power with an external impedance transforma- tion with external match to 50 ohms. 14 17 - dbm acp transmitter adjacent channel power (measured at 25 khz off- set) pre-filter enabled. measurement conditions as defined by en 300 220-1 v2.1.1. - - -37 dbm fr synthesizer frequency range 315mhz module 433mhz module 868mhz module 915mhz module ? 290 431 862 890 ? ? 340 510 890 1020 ? mhz mhz mhz mhz fstep frequency synthesizer step fxosc/2 19 - 61 - hz frc rc oscillator frequency range 45 65 85 khz timing specifications ts_fs frequency synthesizer wake up time crystal oscillator enabled. - 100 150 s free datasheet http:///
page 9 tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com rfm 67w symbol description conditions min typ max unit ts_tr transmitter wake-up time frequency synthesizer enabled. note, depends upon bit rate and ramp time, please refer to section 7.4. - 120 - s ts_os crystal oscillator wake-up time - 300 500 s fxosc crystal oscillator frequency for all module 32 mhz ts_tt total wake up time sleep to transmit, automated. note, depends upon bit rate and ramp time, please refer to section 7.4. - 450 - s t_data data set-up time - - 0.25 s 3. timing characteristics the following table gives the operating specifications for the spi interface of the RFM67W. table 5 spi timing specifications symbol description conditions min typ max unit f sck sck frequency - - 10 mhz t ch sck high time 50 - - ns t cl sck low time 50 - - ns t rise sck rise time - 5 - ns t fall sck fall time - 5 - ns t setup mosi setup time from mosi transition to sck rising edge 30 - - ns t hold mosi hold time from sck rising edge to mosi tran- sition 20 - - ns t nl nss setup time from nss falling edge to sck rising edge 30 - ns t nh,n nss hold time from sck falling edge to nss rising edge. 30 - - ns for explanatory diagrams of the timing characteristic parameters, please see figure 7 and figure 8. free datasheet http:///
page 10 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com 4. working modes of the RFM67W 4.1. operating modes the four operating modes of the RFM67W are shown in table 6. each of these may be selected via the spi bus by writing the corresponding bits to mode(2:0). a key feature of the RFM67W is that the transition from one operating mode to the next is automatically optimized. for example, if the transmit operating mode is selected whilst in sleep operating mode then, in a pre-defined time-optimized sequence, each of t he intermediate modes is engaged sequentially without the need to issue any further spi commands. for more informat ion on timing and optimization please see section 7.4. table 6 RFM67W operating modes enabled blocks mode(2:0) selected mode rc osc spi xtal osc freq. synth. pa 000 sleep mode optional x 001 stand-by mode optional x x 010 fs mode optional x x x 011 transmit mode optional x x x x 4.2. application modes the RFM67W has two application modes, selected by applying an external logical level to the e2_mode input. the first, mcu mode (e2_mode= ?0?), configures the RFM67W as an spi sl ave. this permits the configuration of the circuit by an external microprocessor via the spi interface of the RFM67W and the data to be applied via the data input (pin 13). the second application mode, stand-alone mode (e2_mode = 0), sees the RFM67W configured as spi master. in the stand- alone application mode the RFM67W can download its configuration from an external spi e 2 prom. moreover, in response to an input on the gpio pins, a specific configuration can be programmed and a payload transmitted. note that this mode selection process is performed at start up (or por) of the circuit. thus the hardware mode cannot be dynamically changed without resetting the ch ip. this may be achieved either by power down or by issuing an active high por signal to the reset input. for reset signal timing plea se see the diagram of figure 13 and accompanying description. 4.2.1. stand alone mode in stand alone mode (e2_mode = ?1?) the RFM67W will operate as a stand-alone spi master which can download both register settings and data payload from an spi e 2 prom. four debounced gpio inputs are available in stand alone mode, in this application mode the RFM67W remains in sleep oper ating mode until either a single or combination of button presses are detected. RFM67W can then be dynamically reconfigured and / or transmit a data sequence stored within the e 2 prom. the RFM67W can accommodate spi e 2 prom sizes up to 8 kbit and uses industry standard spi commands. for a full description of e 2 prom use with RFM67W and the associated application circuits, please see section 6.1. the application circuit for stand-alone operation is shown in figure 3, note that both matching and l m are band specific whilst c tx is application specific. free datasheet http:///
page 11 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com advanced communications & sensing datasheet 100k 100 nf 3 v 100 nf c tx pb(3:0) vbat e2_mode nss hold vcc cs match l m rfout vr_pa rf67 miso mosi sck vr_ana vr_dig so si sck spi eeprom wp vss 10 nf xta xtb gnd 100 nf 100 nf 15 pf 32 mhz 15 pf figure 3. RFM67W stand-alone application circuit 4.2.2. mcu mode the RFM67W is also capable of operating in a conventional mcu controlled mode. figure 4 shows the RFM67W operating in mcu mode and connected to an external microcontroller. note that clkout provides th e oscillator signal for the mcu, thus negating the need fo r two crystal oscillators. the dclk connection is also optional - only being required if the data rate is to be determined by RFM67W or transmit filtering is to be used. eol 100 nf vcc 100 nf 3 v c tx pb(3:1) pb0 vbat clkout osc1 data io dclk io mcu match l m rfout vr_pa rf67 miso mosi sck nss vr_ana vr_dig si so sck cs vss 10 nf xta xtb gnd mode 100 nf 100 nf 15 pf 32 mhz 15 pf figure 4. RFM67W mcu mode application circuit free datasheet http:///
page 12 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com advanced communications & sensing datasheet 5. operation of the RFM67W the RFM67W is an integrated ism band transmitter module and features a fully integrated frequency synthesizer, modulator and power amplifier. this sect ion describes the operation of the RFM67W and the functionality of these blocks. 5.1. main parameters 5.1.1. center frequency the carrier output center frequency, f rf , of the RFM67W is programmable via the spi interface. it is determined by the following equation: where freq_rf(23:0) is the decimal value of the 24 bit number stored in configuration registers frfmsb, frfmid and frflsb and f xosc is the frequency of the crystal oscilla tor. if the optimal value of 32 mhz is selected for the crystal oscillator, then this results in a programmable fr equency resolution of 61.035 hz. note that rf output frequencies are only valid in the bands 290-340 mhz, 431-510 mhz and 862-1020 mhz. note also, that for ease of use, the band selection process is performed automatically. 5.1.2. frequency deviation the frequency deviation of the RFM67W in fsk mode is given by the following equation: where df_coeff is the decimal value of the 14 bit contents of the fdevlsb and fdevmsb configuration registers. 5.1.3. bit rate the bit rate (or, depending upon coding, the chip rate) of the RFM67W is given by the following equation: where f xosc is the crystal oscillator frequency, br _ratio is the decimal value of the 16 bit contents of registers brmsb and brlsb. note that for ook modulation the maximum bit rate is 32.7 kbps which corresponds to a br_ratio(15:0) of 979. the table below gives examples of some of the standard data rates accessible with RFM67W. free datasheet http:///
page 13 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com table 7 example standard bitrates and their corresponding register settings. type brmsb brlsb (g)fsk, (g)msk ook rb actual (to 7s.f.) 0x68 0x2b 1.2 kbps 1.2 kbps 1200.015 0x34 0x15 2.4 kbps 2.4 kbps 2400.060 0x1a 0x0b 4.8 kbps 4.8 kbps 4799.760 0x0d 0x05 9.6 kbps 9.6 kbps 9600.960 0x06 0x83 19.2 kbps 19.2 kbps 19196.16 0x03 0x41 38.4 kbps 38415.36 0x01 0xa1 76.8 kbps 76738.60 classical modem baud rates (multiples of 1.2 kbps) 0x00 0xd0 153.6 kbps 153846.1 0x02 0x2c 57.6 kbps 57553.95 classical modem baud rates (multiples of 0.9 kbps) 0x01 0x16 115.2 kbps 115107.9 0x0a 0x00 12.5 kbps 12.5 kbps 12500.00 0x05 0x00 25 kbps 25 kbps 25000.00 0x80 0x00 50 kbps 50000.00 0x01 0x40 100 kbps 100000.0 0x00 0xd5 150 kbps 150234.7 0x00 0xa0 200 kbps 200000.0 0x00 0x80 250 kbps 250000.0 round bit rates (multiples of 12.5, 25 and 50 kbps) 0x00 0x6b 300 kbps 299065.4 watch xtal frequency 0x03 0xd1 32.768 kbps 32.768 kbps 32753.32 5.2. synthesizer the frequency synthesizer of the RFM67W is a fully integr ated fractional-n third-order sigma-delta phase-locked loop and vco. also incorporated are fully integrated third-order and low pass filters which determi ne the loop bandwidth. all of these features are fully automated and derived from the us er bitrate and frequency deviation settings, as described in sections 5.1.1 to 5.1.3. to ensure the frequency accuracy of the pll output it is necessary to perform calibration. the calibration process is performed automatically upon power up of the RFM67W. however, the calibration feature is also accessible to the user via the spi configuration register, pllstat (address 0x0a). the calibration is perform ed by setting bit 2 (pll_cal) high. this ensures that the frequency output accuracy is limited only by the frequency error of the crystal oscillator, the calibration procedure lasts 500 s, during which time pll_cal_done (bit 4 of address 0x0a) is set low. once complete pll_cal_done is set high and confirmation of a successful calibration can be obtained by reading pll_cal_ok. free datasheet http:///
page 14 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com 5.3. the power amplifier a simplified schematic of the dual power amplifiers of the RFM67W is shown in figure 5. pa 1 comprises a pair of amplifiers: one dedicated for low power use, lpa, for programmed powers from -18 to -3 dbm: the second for high power use, hpa, for programmed powers from -2 to 13 dbm. pa 2 is a single high power amplifier and may be used in conjunction with pa 1 to deliver the full 17 dbm of output power. pa_ramp_rising_time(6:5) ramp and control vr_pa ook lpa i/p hpa1 rfout match pa 1 hpa2 pa 2 figure 5. simplified schematic of the RFM67W power amplifier the mode of operation of the pa?s is determined by the regist er setting pa_select(1:0) whic h is configured as shown in table 8, below. the output power of the pa is determined by the value of the register pow_val(4:0), with a single pa enabled the output power is set by: pout = ?18 dbm + pow_val(4:0) the default setting for this register is 13 dbm. the expres sions for the output power with other combinations of power amplifier enabled are shown in table 8. note also that the pow er amplifier current limiter, ov er current protection (ocp), feature of RFM67W can also limit the output power. to ensure correct operation at 17 dbm ensure that trim_ocp(3:0) is set to 105 ma (?1100?). table 8 power amplifier mode selection truth table pa_select(1:0) mode power range pout formula 00 invalid - 01 pa1 enabled -18 to 13 dbm -18 dbm + pow_val(4:0) 10 pa2 enabled - - 11 dual pa -13 to 17 dbm -13 dbm + pow_val(4:0) the ramp and power control features of the pa, determine the regulator output voltage which is used to power the amplifiers, this must be done through an external rf choke. free datasheet http:///
page 15 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com 6. digital control and interface the RFM67W has several operating modes, configuration parameters and internal status indicators which are stored in internal registers. in mcu mode, all of these registers can be accessed by an extern al microcontroller via the spi interface. in stand alone mode, both the configuration information and the data to be transmitted, are stored in an external e 2 prom. the way that both the configuration and payload information is stored in the e 2 prom must match the way the configuration is defined in the internal regist ers. for a full description see section 6.1.2. 6.1. stand alone mode 6.1.1. state machine description the stand alone mode is activated when the pin e2_mode is ti ed to vdd. the RFM67W spi interface is then configured in master mode. the internal state machine of the RFM67W then carries out the following operations: 1) immediately after power-up, the spi interface reads the main configuration section in the e 2 prom and then goes into the ?sleep? operating mode (i.e. all blocks off). 2) whilst in ?sleep? operating mode, when an edge is de tected on any of the push-buttons pb[3:0], the chip wakes-up and starts the rc oscillator (typical startup time ~100 s). 3) the rc oscillator is used to cloc k a debounce timer which gi ves the logical push button input value after the programmed delay. the frame section corresponding to the button value (1 to 15) is read from the e 2 prom. at this point additional, button specific, configuration information may be lo aded. otherwise, the configuration settings of 1) are used. using the appropriate configuration, the payload correspondin g to the detected button press is then transmitted. the payload transmission may be repeated up to 254 times. 4) when the frame has been transmitted, the pad pll_lock goes low and the chip goes into sleep mode. 6.1.2. memory organization of the e 2 prom the memory map for stand alone mode is shown in figure 6. the configuration information occupies the first 77 bytes, the format of the configuration is {addr; value} - therefore allowing up to 38 registers to be defined. each push button configuration is mapped directly to a location in the e 2 prom - determined by the mappings given in table 9 and the variable section_size(5:0). the purpose of this variable, push button specific, section size is to allow the optimum use of different sizes of external memory. note that the maximum frame length is 64 bytes - this equates to a maximum e 2 prom size of 8 kbit. the influence of the sectio n_size variable is illustrated in figure 6. the mapping of table 9 permits up to 15 frames to be def ined. each section may contain both write_registers commands and the payload to be transmitted. thus allowing the dynamic configuration of settings such as output power and frequency in response to a button push. each section within the e 2 prom must conform to the following format: {fifo_addr; repeat; length; value_1; value_2;...;value_n}. where va lue_1... n is the user defined payload, repeat is the number of times the frame is to be transmitted, length defines the number of bytes in the message and fifo_addr = 0x95. the push-buttons may need to be debounced before being read. the debouncer time constant is programmed by the debounce_time(2:0) register which allows a range of debounce timer values to be accessed from 470 m s to 480 ms. an free datasheet http:///
page 16 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com option for no debouncing is also available. note that time constants are process and temperature dependent and may vary by +/- 15%. 0x4d + pb_mapping(pb(3:0)) * section size(5:0) pb ?1111? 0x4d + pb_mapping(pb(3:0)) * section size(5:0) pb ?0010? section size(5:0) 0x4d 0x4c 0x00 pb ?0001? config registers figure 6. memory mapping in stand alone mode the table below gives the push button mappings for the determination of e 2 prom memory locations. note that the combinations pb[3:0] = ?0001?, ?0010?, ?0100? and ?1000? are ma pped to the four lowest locations in memory. this mapping allows the use of a simple four button interface with the minimum memory size. table 9 push button combination to e 2 prom memory location mapping pb[3:0] pb_mapping(3:0) pb[3:0] pb_mapping(3:0) 0000 none (no active push-button) 1000 3 0001 0 1001 7 0010 1 1010 8 0011 4 1011 11 0100 2 1100 9 0101 5 1101 12 0110 6 1110 13 0111 10 1111 14 / low battery the commands in the e 2 prom are written as instructions thus bit 7 is set high - equivalent to adding 0x80 to the register address to be programmed. as was shown in figure 6, the first 77 bytes are used for configuration. note that registers only require programming if they hold a value other than the default value (see table 11 for default register settings). free datasheet http:///
page 17 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com st0002_01_us the following table gives an example snippet of e 2 prom contents, here for each location in e 2 prom memory the first 13 bytes of the available 77 (0x4c) bytes are occupied with config uration. the remaining bytes are left in their default 0xff setting. the first push-button memory location is at 0x4d. here we see that the periodic mode timer (see following section for a full description) is configured and a 10 byte payload follows. subsequent push buttons are configured at the locations determined by the section size, see figure 6. table 10 example external spi e2prom contents for RFM67W configuration address content comment address content comment 0x00 0x81 start-up config. (address) 0x4c 0xff empty 0x01 0x05 start-up config. (data) 0x4d 0x97 pb[0] config (address) 0x02 0x82 start-up config. (address) 0x4e 0x00 pb[0] config (data) 0x03 0x00 start-up config. (data) 0x4f 0x95 fifo address 0x04 0x83 start-up config. (address) 0x50 0x0a repeat 0x05 0x03 start-up config. (data) 0x51 0x0a length 0x06 0x84 start-up config. (address) 0x52 0x55 start of pb[0] payload 0x07 0x33 start-up config. (data) 0x53 0x55 pb[0] payload: byte 1 0x08 0x85 start-up config. (address) 0x54 0x55 pb[0] payload: byte 2 0x09 0xe3 start-up config. (data) 0x55 0x55 pb[0] payload: byte 3 0x0a 0x90 start-up config. (address) 0x56 0xaa pb[0] payload: byte 4 0x0b 0x0f start-up config. (data) 0x57 0x0a pb[0] payload: byte 5 0x0c 0x93 start-up config. (address) 0x58 0x0b pb[0] payload: byte 6 0x0d 0x1c start-up config. (data) 0x59 0x0c pb[0] payload: byte 7 0x0e 0xff empty 0x5a 0x20 pb[0] payload: byte 8 0x0f 0xff empty 0x5b 0x00 pb[0] payload: byte 9 0x10-0x4b 0xff 0x10 to 0x4b empty 0x5c 0x97 pb[1] config (address) subsequent button push button configuration and payloa d could follow at address 0x5c, respecting the e 2 prom section size constraint. note that if register 0x00 is configured, care should be taken to enable transmit mode - mode(2:0) to ensure reliable transition to transmit mode. 6.1.3. periodic mode periodic mode is a sub-mode of stand alone mode wherein the RFM67W will periodically sense the push button inputs for activity. if a push button input is high then the payload acco rding to that input is transmitted. the wake-up interval, t wakeup , is defined by periodic_n(3:0) and periodic_d(3:0) values. t wa ke u p = 2 t rc ( periodic_n(3:0) + 1 ) 2 periodic_d(3:0) + 9 free datasheet http:///
page 18 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com where t rc is the rc oscillator period, periodic_n is programmable between 0 and 15 and periodic_d may take values between 0 and 10. the maximum period is hence approximately 12 5 s when the frequency of the rc oscillator is 67 khz. push button mode is enabled when the value of d is non-zero and, when activated, all stand alone mode functionality is available. it is important to note that if there is no push button pressed, then no message will be transmitted. 6.1.4. low battery indicator: stand alone mode the low battery indicator may be used in stand alone mode to detect the battery voltage and send a low battery message to the receiver. it is enabled by setting the eol_frame_mode bi t ?high? (register 0x12). the low battery state is determined by comparing the supply voltage with a 1.695 v to 2.185 v programmable threshold (threshold trim_eol(2:0), address 0x12). following detection, the following actions are performed depending upon the exact mode of operation: normal operation (non-periodic): the battery end-of-life condition is checked during the normal frame. if it is true, then a single extra frame #14 (see table 9) is automatically sent after the normal frame. stand-alone periodic mode operation: the battery end-of-life condition is checke d during the normal frame. if it is true, then the next frame, sent at the next timer tick is frame #14 (see table 9), the frame is sent only once. 6.1.5. low battery indicator: mcu mode in mcu mode the low battery status indicator may be accessed and configured via the spi register eolctrl. alternatively, the active high low battery indication is mapped to the pb0 pin allowing the independent generation of hardware interrupts. 6.2. mcu mode 6.2.1. spi operation the first byte in any data transfer over the spi is the address read/write byte. it comprises: 1. w/rb bit, which is 1 for write access and 0 for read access 2. 7 bits of address, msb first. a transfer always starts by the nss (not slave select) signal goi ng low whilst sck is high. mosi (master out - slave in) is generated by the master on the next falling edge of sck and is sa mpled by the slave on the next rising edge of sck. miso is generated by the slave on the falling edge of sck and is high impedance when nss is high. by convention, all bytes are sent msb first. mcu mode is activated when pad e2_mode is tied to gnd (ground). in this mode the RFM67W is configured as spi slave and its internal configurati on registers can be written following the format shown in figure 7. an ?address write-byte? followed by a data byte is sent for a write access. where multiple sequential registers are to be written, the nss input may be kept low after this first address- byte plus data-byte have been sent. in this state sequential data-bytes may be written, the address is automatically incr emented after the reception of each additional data-byte. this allows the sequential data-bytes to be written without the need for an address byte. nss must then be set ?high? after the last byte transfer. free datasheet http:///
page 19 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com nss t nl t ch t nh sck t cl new address (a1) t se t up t hold new data at address a1 mosi w/rb a6 a5 a4 a3 a2 a1 a0 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 last address accessed (a1') current data at address a1' miso w/rb a6' a5' a4' a3' a2' a1' a0' d7' d6' d5' d4' d3' d2' d1' d0' figure 7. register write access nss t nl t ch t nh sck t setup t hold t cl new address (a1) mosi w/rb a6 a5 a4 a3 a2 a1 a0 x last address accessed (a1') current data at address a1' miso w/rb a6' a5' a4' a3' a2' a1' a0' d7' d6' d5' d4' d3' d2' d1' d0' figure 8. register read access similarly, the configuration registers of the RFM67W c an be read by issuing an ?address read-byte? (see figure 8) the corresponding register contents are then transferred over the miso line. as above, the contents of each subsequent register can be transferred by holding the nss input low. a summary of all of the registers of the RFM67W are given in table 11, this is followed by detailed descriptions of each of the registers in table 12. free datasheet http:///
page 20 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com 6.2.2. data and data clock usage in mcu mode the data to be transmitted is applied exclusively vi a the data input. the data input is sampled at the crystal frequency, fxosc. where the mcu mediates the data rate and no gaussian or bit filtering is required, then the use of the data clock signal is optional. however, where filtering is to be used or the specified data rate accuracy is to be achieved, then the rising edge of the data clock, dc lk, signal must be used to clock the data into the RFM67W data input. t_data t_data data (nrz) dclk figure 9. RFM67W data clock timing diagram (used only for filtering and ensuring bit rate accuracies) free datasheet http:///
page 21 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com 6.3. RFM67W register description table 11 RFM67W register summary address register name description 0x00 mode operating and modulation mode settings. 0x01 brmsb 0x02 brlsb bit rate setting. 0x03 fdevmsb 0x04 fdevlsb frequency deviation (fsk). 0x05 frfmsb 0x06 frfmid 0x07 frflsb rf centre frequency setting. 0x08 pactrl pa selection and power control. 0x09 pafskramp pa rise and fall timing (fsk). 0x0a pllstat pll status register. 0x0b vcoctrl1 0x0c vcoctrl2 0x0d vcoctrl3 0x0e vcoctrl4 vco calibration values. 0x0f clockctrl clock output pin settings. 0x10 eeprom stand alone mode e 2 prom configuration. 0x11 clocksel selection between rc or crystal oscillator. 0x12 eolctrl low battery indi cator settings. 0x13 paocpctrl pa over current protection - limits pa current. 0x14 unused - 0x15 unused - 0x16 unused - 0x17 perdivider periodic mode wake-up timer control. 0x18 btndeb push button debouncer setting. free datasheet http:///
page 22 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com table 12 RFM67W spi register description addr. register name default bits variable name mode description 7 - rw unused 6:4 mode(2:0) rw operating mode: 000 sleep mode (sleep) 001 stand-by mode (stdby) 010 frequency synthesizer mode (fs) 011 transmit mode (tx) others reserved read value is always chip actual mode 3:2 modul_type(1:0) rw modulation type: 00 fsk 01 ook others reserved 0x00 mode 0x10 1:0 data_shaping(1:0) rw data shaping: in fsk: 00 no shaping 01 gaussian filter with bt = 1.0 10 gaussian filter with bt = 0.5 11 gaussian filter with bt = 0.3 in ook: 00 no shaping 01 filtering with fcutoff = bit rate 10 filtering with fcutoff = 2 * bit rate (br <= 32 kb/s) 11 reserved 0x01 brmsb 0x1a 7:0 br_ratio(15:8) rw bit rate msb (chip rate if manchester encoding) 0x02 brlsb 0x0b 7:0 br_ratio(7:0) rw bit rate lsb (chip rate if manchester encoding) default value is 0x1a0b = 4.8 kbps 7:6 - - unused 0x03 fdevmsb 0x00 5:0 fdev_coeff(13:8) rw deviation frequency msb 0x04 fdevlsb 0x52 7:0 fdev_coeff(7:0) rw deviation frequency lsb default = 0x0052 = 82, gives 5 khz 0x05 frfmsb 0xe4 7:0 freq_rf(23:16) rw rf carrier frequency msb 0x06 frfmid 0xc0 7:0 freq_rf(15:8) rw rf carrier centre bits free datasheet http:///
page 23 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com addr. register name default bits variable name mode description 0x07 frflsb 0x00 7:0 freq_rf(7:0) rw rf carrier frequency lsb for f xosc = 32 mhz, resolution = 61.035 hz default = 0xe4c000, gives 915 mhz 7 - r unused 6:5 pa_select rw selects between pa1 and pa2 00 = unused 01 = pa1 selected (d) 10 = reserved 11 = pa1 and pa2 selected. 0x08 pactrl 0x3f 4:0 pow_val(4:0) rw output power pout = -18 dbm + pow_val default is 13 dbm. 7:4 - r unused 0x09 pafskramp 0x08 3:0 pa_ramp_rising_time(3:0) rw rise/fall time ramping (fsk only) 0000 = 2 ms 0001 = 1 ms 0010 = 500 us 0011 = 250 us 0100 = 125 us 0101 = 100 us 0110 = 62 us 0111 = 50 us 1000 = 40 us (d) 1001 = 31 us 1011 = 25 us 1010 = 20 us 1100 = 15 us 1101 = 12 us 1110 = 10 us 1111 = 8 us free datasheet http:///
page 24 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com addr. register name default bits variable name mode description 7:6 - r unused 5 pll_lock_detect r pll lock status: 0 = pll not locked 1 = pll locked 4 pll_cal_done r pll calibration status 0 = calibration on-going 1 = calibration performed note: reset to 0 in slee p mode irrespective of calibration state. 3 pll_cal_ok r pll calibration result 0 = calibration procedure failed 1= calibration procedure successful note: reset to 0 in slee p mode irrespective of calibration state 2 pll_cal_start w triggers pll calibration, always read as 0. 0x0a pllstat 0x10 1:0 pll_divr(1:0) rw pll division ratio 00 = automatic others, pll divider = pll_divr 7:5 - r unused 0x0b vcoctrl1 na 4:0 sb1(4:0) rw vco band first calibration value 7:5 - r unused 0x0c vcoctrl2 na 4:0 sb2(4:0) rw vco band second calibration value 7:5 - r unused 0x0d vcoctrl3 na 4:0 sb3(4:0) rw vco band third calibration value 7:5 - r unused 0x0e vcoctrl4 na 4:0 sb4(4:0) rw vco band fourth calibration value 7:4 - r unused 3 rc_enable rw enables rc oscillator. rc oscillator is also automatically switched on in e 2 prom mode. 0 = rc oscillator off 1 = rc oscillator on 0x0f clockctrl 0x05 2:0 clkout_select rw selects clkout source: 000 = f xosc (32 mhz) 001 = f xosc / 2 (16 mhz) 010 = f xosc / 4 (8 mhz) 011 = f xosc / 8 (4 mhz) 100 = f xosc / 16 (2 mhz) 101 = f xosc / 32 (1 mhz) (d) 110 = rc clock (65 khz) 111 = clock output off. note: switching from rc to f xosc or vice versa can generate glitches free datasheet http:///
page 25 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com addr. register name default bits variable name mode description 7:6 - - unused 0x10 eeprom 0x10 5:0 section_size(5:0) rw section size, used in e 2 prom mode only. 7:5 - r unused 4 xosc_ck_ext_sel rw selects external clock instead of xosc 0 = use xosc 1 = use external clock 0x11 clocksel 0x11 3:0 - r/w unused 7:5 - r unused 4 q_eol r battery end of life flag 0 = vbat < vthr (battery is flat) 1 = vbat > vthr 3 on_eol rw enables eol 0 = eol disabled 1 = eol enabled 0x12 eolctrl 0x12 2:0 vthr_eol(2:0) rw battery end of life threshold 000 = 1.695 v 001 = 1.764 v 010 = 1.835 v (default setting) 011 = 1.905 v 100 = 1.976 v 101 = 2.045 v 110 = 2.116 v 111 = 2.185 v 7:5 - r unused 4 on_ocp rw enables power amplifier current limiter: 0 = ocp disabled 1 = ocp enabled 0x13 paocpctrl 0x11 3:0 trim_ocp(3:0) rw pa ocp dc load current threshold: 0000 = 45 ma 0001 = 50 ma 0010 = 55 ma 0011 = 60 ma 0100 = 65 ma 0101 = 70 ma 0110 = 75 ma 0111 = 80 ma 1000 = 85 ma 1001 = 90 ma 1010 = 95 ma 1011 = 100 ma (default setting) 1100 = 105 ma (recommended +17 dbm setting) 1101 = 110 ma 1110 = 115 ma 1111 = 120 ma 0x14 unused - - - - unused free datasheet http:///
page 26 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com addr. register name default bits variable name mode description 0x15 unused - - - - - 0x16 unused - - - - unused 7:4 periodic_d(3:0) rw periodic mode d divider (values from 1 to 10) 0x17 perdivider 0x00 3:0 periodic_n(3:0) rw periodic mode n divider (values from 0 to 15) t = 2 t ( periodic_n(3:0) + 1 ) 2 periodic_d(3:0) + 9 wak e rc note: only available in e 2 prom mode and when n>0 (n = 0 = disabled) 7:3 - r unused 0x18 btndeb 0x03 2:0 debounce_time(2:0) rw push button debounce tim constant: 000 = 470 us 001 = 7.5 ms 010 = 15 ms 011 = 30 ms (d) 100 = 60 ms 101 = 120 ms 110 = 240 ms 111 = 480 ms 7. RFM67W application circuits 7.1. typical application schematic free datasheet http:///
page 27 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com 7.2. wake-up times when switching between modes, an optimized sequence of events is automatically performed by RFM67W. for example, in response to the command to enter transmit mode whilst in sleep mode, each intermediate mode is engaged - ensuring crystal oscillator start-up and pll lock before transition to tran smit mode. external indication of pll lock is given by the pll lock pin (mcu mode only). the pll lock pin output is only valid whist no data is applied to the data pin. the transition from frequency synthesizer mode to transmit is well defined and a function of bit rate and transmit ramp time, given in fsk mode by: ts ( s ) = 5 + 1.25 pa_ramp_rising_time(3:0) + ------ 1 ------- 2 r b where pa_ramp_rising_time(3:0) is the user defined contents of pafskramp and r b is the bit rate. for ook mode the time is given by: ts _ts ( s ) = 5 + ------ 1 ------- 2 r b a flow chart showing the automatic, optimised start-up proc edure, initiated with a single spi command is shown in figure 14. note that after the pll lock indicator is set then the transmitter requires ts_tr to set-up before transmission may begin. 7.3 reset pin timing manual reset of the RFM67W is possible by asserting a logical hi gh to the reset pin. the timing for this operation is shown in the following figure. during the reset operation the rf m67w current consumption may rise to 1 ma. following the reset operation the user must wait 5 ms before performing any other operation. free datasheet http:///
rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com figure 13. RFM67W reset sleep mode tx mode enable mode(?011?) wait ts_os stand-by mode enabled synthesiser mode enabled pll and calibration ok? n ts_fs y pll lock indicator set wait ts_tr transmit mode ready figure 14. automatic optimised RFM67W start-up sequence with a single spi command or 315/434 mhz operation at or below 13 dbm output power 28 free datasheet http:///
rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com measured power (dbm) current consumption (ma) 8. reference design performance this section details the measured typical performance of the reference design described in the preceding section. 8.1. power output versus consumption 20 90 17 dbm match pmeas 15 14 dbm match pmeas 80 17 dbm match imeas 14 dbm match imeas 10 70 5 60 0 50 -5 40 -10 30 -15 20 -20 pa1 only pa1 and 2 enabled 10 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 programmed power (dbm) figure 24. typical power consumption of the reference design versus measured and programmed power output at 915 mhz the measured current consumption of the RFM67W versus programmed and meas ured output power is shown in the preceding figure. the green curves correspond to measurements (made at 915 mhz) using the low power matching of section 7.7. the measured consumption displays two distinct regimes: above a programmed power of -3 dbm both high and low power amplifiers of pa1 are active. below, however, only the low power amplifier within pa1 is enabled allowing enhanced efficiency for operation below this programmed power output. the blue portion of the curve (13 to 17 dbm operation) uses the matching illustrated in section 7.6. note that not only must both power amplifiers be enabled to access these output powe rs, but also the ocp (current limiter) for the pa must be disabled or the limit adjusted to 100 ma accordingly. 29 free datasheet http:///
rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com output power (dbm) output powe r (dbm) 8.2. power output flatness versu s temperature and supply voltage the RFM67W reference design power output flatness as a function of voltage and temperature is shown below. 16.90 16.80 16.70 16.60 16.50 3.6 v, 25 c 3.3 v, 25 c 1.8 v, 25 c 3.6 v, 90 c 3.3 v, 90 c 1.8 v, 90 c 3.6 v, -45 c 3.3 v, -45 c 1.8 v, -45 c 16.40 16.30 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 frequency (mhz) figure 25. typical 17 dbm output power flatness versus supply voltage and temperature, measured in the 868 mhz ism band 17.40 17.30 17.20 17.10 17.00 16.90 3.6 v, 25 c 3.3 v, 25 c 1.8 v, 25 c 3.6 v, 90 c 3.3 v, 90 c 1.8 v, 90 c 3.6 v, -45 c 3.3 v, -45 c 1.8 v, -45 c 16.80 16.70 16.60 900 905 910 915 92 0 92 5 93 0 freque nc y (mhz) figure 26. typical 17 dbm output power flatness versus supply voltage and temperature, measured in the 915 mhz ism band 30 free datasheet http:///
rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com . 2 7. t y p ical rf67 phase noise measurement at 315 mhz ( - 104 dbc/hz at 5 8.3. phase noise the phase noise of the RFM67W is measured in the centre frequencies of the principal ism bands below 1 ghz. the phase noise is a function of frequency and varies from -104 dbc/hz at 50 khz offset at 315 mhz band to -96dbc/hz at 50 khz offset at 915 mhz figure 0 khz). figure 28. typical RFM67W phase noise measurement at 434 mhz (-102 dbc/hz at 50 khz). figure 27. typical RFM67W phase noise measurement at 315 mhz (-104dbc/hz at 50 kh ) ? 31 free datasheet http:///
rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com figure 29. typical RFM67W phase noise measured at 868 mhz (-97 dbc/hz at 50 khz). figure 30. typical RFM67W phase noise measured at 915 mhz (-96 dbc/hz at 50 khz). 32 free datasheet http:///
page33 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com power measured in 300 hz bandwidth (dbm) 8.4. RFM67W baseband filtering the following figure illustrates the effect of applying the bas eband gaussian filtering to the modulating bitstream of the RFM67W. this measurement was performed in the 868 mhz ism band with the following settings: p pgm = 17 dbm, f rf = 868 mhz, d f = 50 khz and r b = 50 kbps (implies b =2). here we see the occupied bandwidth reduced from 500 khz for the unfiltered bit stream to 330 khz with a filt ering coefficient (bt) of 1. by increasi ng the filtering strength further to bt=0.3 , the channel bandwidth for operation in the 868 mhz ism band is reduced to below 200 khz. 10 0 -10 no filtering 'bt = 1 'bt = 0.3 etsi limit -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -500 -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500 offset from centre frequency (khz) figure 31. the influence of gaussian filtering on the modulation bandwidth (wideband) 8.5. adjacent channel power modulation spectrum of the RFM67W measured in 100 hz bandwidth is shown in the following three figures together with the integrated adjacent channel power for the modulation settings shown in the figure caption. please note that all measurements were performed at 868 mhz, with an output power of 13 dbm. please also note that the clock output was disabled. free datasheet http:///
page33 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com int e grated pow e r = -21.42 db m integrated power = -23. 2 8 dbm power measured in 100 hz bandwidth (dbm) power measured in 100 hz bandwidth (dbm) 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 offset from centre frequency (khz) figure 32. gmsk 6.25 khz channel example. d f = 1.25 khz, r b = 4.8 kbps (implies b = 0.5) and bt = 0.3. 10 0 -10 integrated power = -22.55 dbm integrated power = -22.97 dbm -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 offset from centre frequency (khz) figure 33. gmsk 12.5 khz channel example. d f = 2.5 khz, r b = 9.6 kbps (implies b = 0.5) and bt = 0.3. 34 free datasheet http:///
page33 rfm 67w tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com n tegrated p ower = -37 01 dbm inte g rated pow e r = -40.14 dbm power measured in 100 hz bandwidth (dbm) 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 offset from centre frequency (khz) figure 34. gfsk 20 khz channel example. d f = 4.8 khz, r b = 4.8 kbps (implies b = 2) and bt = 0.3. 35 free datasheet http:///
page33 tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com rf67 9. packaging information figure 35: s2 packaging outline drawing 36 free datasheet http:///
page33 tel: + 86-755-82973805 fax: + 86- 755-82973550 e-mail: sales@hoperf.com http:/ / www.hoperf.com rf67 10. ordering information RFM67W 433 s2 p/n: RFM67W-315s2 RFM67W module at 315m hz band, smd package p/n: RFM67W-433s2 RFM67W module at 433m hz band, smd package p/n: RFM67W-868s2 RFM67W module at 868m hz band, smd package p/n: RFM67W-915s2 RFM67W module at 915m hz band, smd package hope microelectronics co.,ltd add: ? 2/ f, ? building ? 3, ? pingshan ? private ? enterprise ? science ? and ? technology ? park, ? lishan ? road, ? xili ? town, ? nanshan ? district, ? shenzhen, ? guangdong, ? china tel: 86-755-82973805 fax: 86-755-82973550 email: sales@hoperf.com website: http://www.hoperf.com http://www.hoperf.cn this document may contain prelimi nary information and is subject to change by hope microelectronics wit hout notice. hope microelectronics assumes no responsibility or liability for any use of the information contained herein. nothing in this doc ument shall operate as an express or implied license or indemnity under t he intellectual property rights of hope microelectronics or third parties. t he products described in this document are not intended for use in implantation or other direct life support applications where malfunction may result in the direct physical harm or injury to persons. no warranties of any kind, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of mechantability or fitness for a articular purpose, are offered in this document. ?2006, hope microelectronics co.,ltd. all rights reserved. package ? o p eration ? band mode ? type ? 3 7 free datasheet http:///

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